TDNet Discover

This capstone study examines how adults interpret, understand, and apply health insurance benefit information when enrolling in and using Affordable Care Act (ACA) marketplace or employer-sponsored plans. Guided by health literacy models (Nutbeam, Sørensen et al.), communication theory (Shannon-Weaver), and behavioral models including the Health Belief Model (HBM), Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), and Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), the project investigates how comprehension, communication clarity, perceived barriers, and digital access influence consumer decision-making. A convergent mixed-methods design will be used to integrate survey findings, behavioral tasks, and qualitative interviews to assess comprehension, perceived self-efficacy, and digital confidence. The study aims to identify barriers to understanding insurance concepts, such as deductibles, cost-sharing, in-network coverage, and financial protections, and to determine which communication strategies best enhance transparency and consumer comprehension. Findings will inform the development of practical, equity-focused recommendations to improve communication materials, digital tools, and enrollment support systems. Results are intended to guide insurers, policymakers, and community organizations in designing interventions that reduce knowledge gaps, promote informed decision-making, and strengthen affordability, accessibility, and trust in health insurance systems.